Objective To evaluate the clinical and histological results of extraction socket preservation using Bio-Oss collagen and acellular dermal matrix (ADM). Methods From November 2005 to June 2006, a total of 11 cases underwent extraction socket preservation with Bio-Oss collagen and ADM in 14 extraction sites. Ten cases with 10 teeth undergoing extraction without bone graft served as control group. Clinical and histological examinations were conducted. Pre-and postoperative alveolar ridge width and attached gingival width were measured and statistically analyzed. Results All the grafted sockets healed uneventfully except one. Thirteen implants were placed 3-5 months after extraction. After 4 to 6 months permanent restorations were delivered. The mean follow-up time was 27.9 months (24 to 31 months). In the control group the sockets healed uneventfully, while hard and soft tissue collapsed obviously 3 months after extraction. No significant difference was found in the width of alveolar ridge and attached gingiva before and after extraction in the bone graft group(P >0. 05). The width of alveolar ridge before(7.69 ±0. 48) ram and after extraction(7.68±0. 48) mm and in the width of attached gingiva before(4. 36 ± 1.02) mm and after extraction (4. 32 ±0. 98) nun in the bone graft group (P >0. 05). Histological examination showed adequate new bone formation around Bio-Oss particles 3 months after operation. The specimen was flee of inflammatory cells. Conclusions It's effective to preserve the extraction sockets with Bio-Oss collagen and ADM and the short-term results were predictable.