To evaluate whether simultaneous vaccination with live attenuated polio vaccine affects the immunogenicity of live attenuated rotavirus (RV) vaccine.

Rotarix produced by GlaxoSmithKline was used as the research object. Two doses of Rotarix were orally administered on day 0 and month 1, and oral live attenuated polio vaccine (OPV) was administered on day 0, month 1 and month 2 according to the national vaccination plan. Healthy infants aged 6 to 16 weeks were randomly divided into two groups: interval vaccination group (Rotarix and OPV were vaccinated on different days) and simultaneous vaccination group (Rotarix and OPV were vaccinated on the same day). Serum samples were collected on day 0, month 2 and month 12, and serum RV-IgA was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Statistical analysis was performed to evaluate whether there were statistical differences in the seroconversion rate and level distribution of RV-IgA between the two groups.

The seroconversion rate of serum RV-IgA in month 2 was 73.84% in the interval vaccination and 63.95% in the simultaneous vaccination group, and the difference between them was statistically significant (P<0.05). The geometric mean concentrations (GMC) of RV-IgA were 97 EU/ml and 90 EU/ml, respectively (P>0.05). Compared with the simultaneous vaccination group, the seroconversion rate and GMC of serum RV-IgA in month 12 were higher in the interval vaccination group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).

Simultaneous vaccination with live attenuated polio vaccine would affect the immune response of live attenuated rotavirus vaccine, especially the maintenance of RV-IgA antibody level.

Poliovirus; Rotavirus; Vaccine; Immunogenicity