Objective To evaluate the short-term effect of pelvic floor muscle rehabilitation training under the guidance of doctors on children with neuropathic acontractile sphincter incontinence ( NASI ).Methods Sixty eighty children[aged 4 - 12 ( mean, 7 ) years]with NASI were selected.All children were randomly divided into multiple guidance group and single guidance group.Pelvic floor muscle rrehabilitation training was successfully accomplished in all children.Three-day urinary diary, 7-day fecal diary, the ICI-Q-SF score and urodynamic evaluations were completed before and after the treatment.Three months later, follow-up was carried out.The results were compared between the groups.Results After treatment,TOV, LT, TFI and ICI-Q-SF of multiple guidance group were significantly lower than those of single guidance group[(29±8) vs (34±12), (19±10) vs (25 ±12), (1.9±1.1) vs (2.5 ±1.3), (9±5) vs ( 12 ± 6 ), P ＜ 0.05], however, PMUC of multiple guidance group was significantly higher than those of single guidance group[(5.6 ± 2.0 ) vs (4.7 ± 1.7 ), P ＜ 0.05].The effective rate of multiple guidance group after treatment and at follow-up were respectively 79.4% and 70.6% , significantly higher than those of single guidance group ( 64.7% and 50.0%, P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion Pelvic floor muscle rehabilitation training under the guidance of doctors has satisfactory therapeutic efficacy on the children with NASI.