Objective To evaluate the mentality and behavior of children with congenital heart disease (CHD),and to compare surgical procedure versus interventional therapy for CHD in children of different ages and their influence on mentality and behavior.Methods From July 2005 to January 2008,160 children suffering from ventricular septal defect (VSD) or atrial septal defect (ASD),without other cardiac anomalies,were divided into two groups:surgical group(n=80) and interventional group(n=80).We performed Chinese standard Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist(CBCL) on these children before and 1 year after the treatment.Sixty normal children sex,age,education and achievement-matched were enrolled as control.Results The mentality and behavior of the children with CHD were obviously abnormal before treatment (P＜0.01).The abnormal rates of the boys and girls suffering from CHD were evidently higher than those of the healthy control subjects (P＜0.01).The behavior abnormities of CHD children presented depression,social flinch,somatic complaints and delinquency,which were significantly different from the healthy children.The total cursory mark of postoperative check results of the surgical and interventional groups,both in girls and in boys,significantly lower than those of the preoperative results(P＜0.05).The total and aggression cursory mark of postoperative check results of the surgical boys were higher than those of the interventional subjects(P＜0.05).The total depression,social flinch,aggression cursory mark of postoperative check results of the surgical girls were higher than those of the interventional ones (P＜0.05).The total cursory mark of elder children was significantly higher than those of the younger ones before treatments (P＜0.05).The postoperative total cursory mark of older children treated with surgical operations was higher than those of the younger controls in the same treatment group(P＜0.05).Conclusion CHD significantly affected the mentality and behavior of the children.Early treatments may alleviate the mental and behavior abnormality.Cardiac surgery dose not result in early postoperative improvements in mentality and behavior for children CHD in a certain period.