Objective To investigate the impact of thyrotropic hormone (TSH) on recurrence rate of common bile duct stone (CBDS).Methods The clinical data of 268 cases of primary or recurrent CBDS undergoing surgery was analyzed.According to whether screening preoperative TSH level routinely,we assigned the patients into two groups,unchecked group with 171 cases and screened group with 97 cases.The postoperative recurrence rates in 36 months between two groups were compared.Results The recurrence rates of unchecked group and screened group were 3.5％,12.9％,16.9％ and 0.0％,5.2％,8.2％ respectively in 12-,24-,36-months,there was statistically significant difference between two groups (x2 =4.029,P ＜ 0.05).In unchecked group,patients ≥ 60 years had a significant higher recurrence rate than ＜ 60 years patients (x2 =6.485,P ＜ 0.05).In screened group,there was no statistically significant difference between ≥60 and ＜ 60 patients (x2 =0.142,P ＞ 0.05).In those 34 patients with a high TSH level in the screened group,normalizing the level from (6.23 ± 1.44) μIU/ml to (2.91 ±0.74) μIU/ml by oral intake of thyroid hormone postoperatively,led to the recurrence rates of 0％,5.9％,8.8％ in 12-,24-,36-months,which was not significantly different from those with normal TSH (x2 =0.022,P ＞ 0.05).And that,there was not statistically different between the young and elder patients in those 34 cases for the 12-,24-,36-month recurrence rates (x2 =0.086,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Some CBDS patients may be with high level of TSH.Normalizing TSH level may be conducive to a reduced postoperative recurrence rate of CBDS.