Objective To discuss the maintenance hemodialysis patients early tuberculosis detection method.Methods Sixty-four maintenance hemodialysis patients wene enrolled in this investigation.For all patients with three tuberculosis detection methods for testing,and combined with clinical data divided into tuberculosis infection group (n =8),latent tuberculosis infection group (n =32) and non-tuberculosis infection group (n =24).Results In the tuberculosis infection group,the sensitivity of T-SPOT.TB test was 87.5％ (7/8); in the latent TB infection group,the sensitivity of T-SPOT.TB test was 87.5％,the sensitivity of tuberculin test was 46.9％ (15/32),the sensitivity of mycobacterium tuberculosis antibody was 40.6％ (13/32).T-SPOT.TB test between mycobacterium tuberculosis antibody and tuberculin test had statistical difference (OR =10.2,95％ CI 2.9-36.2,P =0.001 between T-SPOT.TB and mycobacterium tuberculosis antibody; and OR =7.0,95％ CI 2.0-24.6,P =0.003 between T-SPOT.TB test and tuberculin test).In the non-tuberculosis infection group,the specficity of T-SPOT.TB test and tuberculin test were 100％,the specficity of mycobacterium tuberculosis antibody was 58.3％,the speeficity of T-SPOT.TB test and tuberculin test between mycobacterium tuberculosis antibody had statistical differences(P =0.01).Conclusions In the maintenance hemodialysis patients,T-SPOT.T-SPOT.TB test in the hemodialysis population of latent tuberculosis infection has a significantly of sensitivity and specificity,TB detection can make patients get early diagnosis and timely treatment,avoid missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis;