Objective To investigate the treatment strategies and factors influencing the prognosis of patients with primary gallbladder carcinoma.Methods The clinical data of 135 patients with primary gallbladder cancer who were admitted to the Cancer Hospital of Tianjin Medical University from January 2000 to December 2009 were retrospectively analyzed.The survival curve was drawn by the Kaplan-Meier method,and the survival rates were analyzed by using the Log-rank test.Factors which may have influences on the prognosis were analyzed by univariate analysis and COX multivariate analysis.Results The overall 1-,3-,5-year survival rates of the 135 patients were 46.7％,10.4％ and 5.2％,respectively.The 1-,3-,5-year survival rates of 74 patients who received radical resection of gallbladder cancer were 68.9％,18.9％ and 9.5％,respectively.The 1-,3-,5-year survival rates of 50 patients who received palliative treatment were 24.0％,0 and 0,respectively.The 1-,3-,5-year survival rates of 11 patients who received conservative treatment were 0,0 and 0,respectively.There was no significant difference in the survival rates among patients who received different treatment methods (x2 =5.642,P ＜ 0.05 ). Of the 9 patients with gallbladder cancer who received reoperation after laparoscopic choledochotomy,the survival time of 1 patient in stage Ⅰ and 1 of the 3 patients in stage Ⅱ who received radical surgery exceeded 5 years,while the survival time of 5 patients in stage Ⅱ who received palliative treatment was shorter than 5 years.There was a significant difference in the survival time among the 3 groups of patients ( x2 =5.642,P＜0.05).Under the condition of same TNM stages ( Ⅱ,ⅢA,ⅢB,ⅣA,ⅣB),the survival rates of patients who received radical resection of gallbladder cancer were significantly higher than those who received palliative or conservative treatment ( x2 =8.971,21.250,44.153,6.696,21.722,P ＜ 0.05 ).The results of univariate analysis showed that age,CA19-9,TNM stages and treatment methods were risk factors influencing the median survival time ( x2 =8.466,3.977,9.837,5.642,P ＜ 0.05 ).The results of multivariate analysis showed that age,TNM stages and treatment methods were the independent risk factors influencing the median survival time ( Wald=5.779,14.724,11.640,P＜0.05).Conclusion The prognosis of primary gallbladder cancer is poor.Age,TNM stages and treatment methods are the independent factors influencing the prognosis of patients with gallbladder cancer,and patients who receive radical resection have relatively good prognosis.