Objective To investigate the variation of procalcitonin(PCT) in blood and tissue level of acute pancreatitis rats and probe its significant. Methods One hundred and two male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group ( n = 6 ), lipopolysaccharide group ( LPS, n = 24 ), acute edematous pancreatitis (AEP) group ( n = 24), acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP) group ( n = 24), AN P + LPS group ( n = 24). Subcutaneous injection of cerulein was used for AEP induction, while ANP model was induced by retrograde injection of sodium taurocholate into the biliary and pancreatic duct. The rats were sacrificed at 3,6, 18 and 24 hours after model induction. Pancreatic tissue was harvested and the pathological scores were assessed. Levels of PCT in serum, liver, lung, spleen, pancreas, small intestine, large intestine tissue was harvested and tissue levels of PCT were determined. Results AEP and ANP models were established successfully. At 6 h, the serum levels of PCT in control group, LPS group, AEP group, ANP group and ANP +LPS group were (0.0144 ±0.0082) ng/ml, (0. 1722 ±0.0449) ng/ml,(0.4751 ±0.0572) ng/ml, (0.7070 ±0. 1040) ng/ml and ( 1. 1960 ±0.8644) ng/ml, respectively; and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05 ). PCT could be detected in liver, lung, spleen, pancreas, small intestine and large intestine tissue of normal rats. PCT levels in liver and pancreas of ANP group were not statistically different, but the PCT levels in lung, spleen, and large intestine tissue significantly decreased, and the corresponding values were (5.63 ±0.62) ng/ml vs. (6.85 ±0.46) mg/ml, (4.73 ±1.27) mg/ml vs. (6.88 ±0.37) ng/ml, (1.08 ±0.52) ng/ml vs. (4.12 ± 1.02) ng/ml (P <0.01 ). However, the PCT levels in small intestine significantly increased, which were (2.51 ±0.90) ng/ml vs (0.98 ±0. 12) ng/ml (P<0. 01). Conclusions Serum PCT level was associated with the severity of AP and infection; the changes of PCT levels in different tissues may be related with the changes of organ's function.