To investigate the impacts of maternal gestational diabetes on oral microbito of neonates immediately after birth, and to provide a possible solution to reduce the impact of maternal gestational diabetes on offsprings.

Twenty full-term neonates born by natural delivery between August 2016 and October 2016 were enrolled. Among them, nine were born by women prenatally diagnosed with gestational diabetes (observation group) and 11 by prenatally normal women during the time of study (control group) . After the delivery of the fetal head, the neonates received mouth-cleansing with a sterile suction device to be collected for oral secretion samples. The bacterial genomic DNA in the samples was extracted and subjected to DNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis using the Illumina MiSeq platform. The oral colonization of bacteria species in the neonates was compared.

For predominant bacterial phyla, the two groups were comparable in Actinomycetes, Bacteroides, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria and Tenericutes (all P>0.05) but statistically differed in Planctomycetes (P<0.05) . For predominant bacterial genuses, the two groups were comparable in Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, Corynebacterium, Pradosporium, Lactobacillus, Prevobacter, Propionibacterium, Staphylococcus aureus, Ureaplasma and Weissella but statistically differed in Collinsella, Tyzzerella, Dermacoccus, Limnobacter, Massilia and Mesorhizobium (P<0.05) .

The oral microbiota in neonates is enriched in probiotics immediately after birth. Maternal gestational diabetes may affect the oral microbiota of neonates, which may be responsible for long-term metabolic disorders in the offsprings.

Pregnancy; Diabetes; Oral; Microbiota; 16s rRNA; Neonate