To investigate the status of self-management of discharged patients after radioactive ¹²⁵I seeds implantation and analyze the possible influencing factors, so as to provide reference for postoperative continuous nursing guidance.

From March to April 2018, convenient cluster sampling was used to select out of hospital tumor patients who met the inclusion criteria after ¹²⁵I seed implantation in the Department of Radiation Oncology of Peking University Third Hospital within half a year. The self-designed Radiation Protection Knowledge and Self-management Behavior Evaluation Questionnaire was used to collect data through telephone follow-up and medical record review. In the self-designed part of the questionnaire, 2 particle group doctors and 2 deputy directors and 1 associate professor was invited to evaluate the content validity of the questionnaire. The total number of questionnaires was 72 and 72 valid questionnaires were collected. SPSS 21.0 statistical software was used for data entry and analysis.

After ¹²⁵I seed implantation, the patients' knowledge score of radiation protection outside hospital was (3.33±1.22) with a full score of 5; the self-management score of radiation protection was (27.40±9.47) with a full score of 44; the total self-management score of patients with lead-free clothing was higher than that of patients with lead-free clothing (t=5.51, P<0.001) ; the self-management level of radiation protection of medical insurance patients was higher than that of self paid patients (t=2.15, P<0.05) ; family economic pressure was the influencing factor of self-management of radiation protection (F=-4.41, P<0.05) ; the knowledge of radiation protection was positively correlated with self-management behavior of radiation protection (r=0.544, P<0.001) . Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that, the family economic incorne, the total score of radiation protection knowledge, and whether they have their own lead clothing were the main influencing factor of discharged patients with cancer after ¹²⁵I seeds implantation (P<0.05) .

The knowledge of radiation protection outside the hospital and the ability of self-management of radiation protection of the patients after ¹²⁵I seed implantation are medium level. The important factors influencing the self-management of radiation protection of the patients after seed implantation are whether they have their own lead clothing, family economic income, and the cognitive level of radiation protection. In order to achieve better self-management level of radiation protection, medical staff should educate patients about the hazards and protection of radiation, improve patients' awareness of radiation protection, and encourage patients to buy lead clothing.

Neoplasm patients; Radioactive seeds implantation; Radiation protection; Self-management