Objective To investigate the clinlical diagnosis and surgical treatment of calyceal diverticulum.Methods The data of 40 patients with calyceal diverticulum from May 2009 to February 2012 were retrospectively analyzed,conservative treatment in 7 cases,ESWL treatment in 6 cases,operation treatment in 27 cases.Results Thirty-five cases had been followed for 6-24 months,6 cases with ESWL treatment,2 cases were effective,And all of the 27 cases cured in the surgical group had no stones recurrence.Conclusions The diagnosis of calyceal diverticulum depends on intravenous pyelogram (IVP) and computed tomography,no or mild of the symptoms feasible conservative treatment; If with obvious symptoms and complicated with stones or diameter less than 1.5 cm can be treated with ESWL ; The calyceal diverticulum diameter more than 2.5 cm,concurrent stones or recurrent infectious feasible take surgery.