To study the effects of decitabine combined with HAD protocol and FLAG protocol on relapsed and refractory acute myeloid leukemia, and study incidence of postoperative adverse reactions.

Fifty-eight patients with relapsed and refractory acute myeloid leukemia in Linfen People’s Hospital from January 2012 to March 2016 were selected as research objects, and the patients were randomly divided into group A and group B, with 29 cases in each group. Patients in group A were treated with decitabine combined with HAD protocol, and patients in group B were treated with FLAG protocol. The clinical effective rate, incidence of adverse reaction and median survival time were observed and compared between the two groups.

There was no significant difference in the effective rate between the two groups (χ²=1.957, P=0.162), but the complete remission rate in group A was significantly higher than that in group B (χ²=4.549, P=0.033). The median survival time in group A was 15.2 months, and it was 10.7 months in group B, moreover, the difference was statistically significant between the two groups (χ²=4.037, P=0.045). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups, such as lowest median value of white blood cell count, median time of granulocyte deficiency, location of infection, abnormal transaminase, increase in bilirubin, increase in creatinine, nausea and vomiting (P>0.05).

Decitabine combined with HAD in treatment of relapsed and refractory acute myeloid leukemia can improve the complete remission rate, prolong the survival time without increase in the incidence of adverse reactions, which is worthy of further research and discussion.

Relapsed and refractory acute myeloid leukemia; Decitabine; Chemotherapy Protocol