Original Article
Vitamin B12 status of vegetarians in Shanghai
Xueying Cui, Bian Wang, Youmei Wu, Luyao Xie, Qingya Tang, Xiuhua Shen
Published 2019-04-30
Cite as Chin J Clin Nutr, 2019, 27(2): 107-112. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-635X.2019.02.008
Abstract
ObjectiveTo investigate the vitamin B12 status of vegetarians in Shanghai.
MethodsA total of 282 adult vegetarians and 282 omnivores matching by gender and age were recruited in Shanghai. Their dietary intakes were collected. The serum concentrations of vitamin B12, folate and homocysteine were tested. The red blood cell, hematocrit value, mean corpuscular volume and mean erythrocyte width were also examined.
ResultsThe daily average intake of dietary vitamin B12 was(0.46±1.01) μg/d in vegetarians and only (0.1±0.46) μg/d in vegans, which was lower than that of omnivores [(3.91±6.92)μg/d, F=50.57, P<0.01] . 137 omnivores and 274 vegetarians had less dietary vitamin B12 level than recommended nutrient intake (RNI) and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=114.77, P<0.01). 54.26% of vegetarians, 68.92% vegans, 49.04% ovo-lacto vegetarians and 15.60% omnivores had hyperhomocysteinemia and the differences between vegetarians and omnivores were statistically significant (all P<0.01). After adjusting the confounding factors the hematocrit value was higher in vegetarians, vegans and ovo-lacto vegetarians than in omnivores(27.42%±18.32%, 28.73%±18.19%, 26.95%±18.38% vs. 8.96%±16.59%, P<0.01). Vegans had lower red blood cell counts and higher hematocrit value and mean corpuscular volume than omnivores.
ConclusionVitamin B12 deficiency combined with an elevated level of homocysteine and red blood cell volume growth are common but serious issue in vegetarians, especially in vegans.
Key words:
Vegetarian; Vitamin B12; Red blood cell; Homocysteine; Folate
Contributor Information
Xueying Cui
Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
Bian Wang
Youmei Wu
Luyao Xie
Qingya Tang
Xiuhua Shen