Orbital lymphoma, mainly composed of B-lymphocytes lymphoma and rare T-lymphocytes lymphoma, is the most frequent malignancy of the ocular adnexa.Orbital lymphoma is normally classified into different subtypes according to the origin of lymphocytes.For instance, extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma (EMZL), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), follicular lymphoma (FL) and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) stem from B-lymphocytes while natural killer T-cell lymphoma (NK-TL) and peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) come from T-lymphocytes.The epidemiological distribution of orbital lymphoma has certain characteristics.For example, the majority of orbital lymphomas originate from B-lymphocytes, among which EMZL is the most common subtype, followed by DLBCL, FL and MCL.In the meantime, orbital lymphoma primarily occurs in the elderly.The distribution of gender varies according to the disparate subtypes of orbital lymphomas.A female predominance is found among patients with EMZL and FL, while MCL tends to occurr in male.In this paper, the progress of epidemiological research of orbital lymphoma published in recent years was summarized, so as to provide new thoughts for the study of the etiology and pathogenesis of orbital lymphoma, as well as the clinical diagnosis and treatment of the orbital lymphoma.