Retinoblastoma (RB) and choroidal malignant melanoma are the most common primary intraocular malignancy in children and adults, respectively.Due to the advance in the diagnosis and treatment of intraocular tumors, the survival rate and survival time of the patients are significantly improved.The goal of the therapy for the patients of intraocular malignant tumors has gradually changed from simply saving life to trying to preserve eyeball on the basis of saving life.Although there are various treatment options for intraocular malignant tumors, eye salvage is still an great challenge for the patients with refractory tumors.In recent years, vitrectomy has been used again by some doctors to the treatment of refractory RB and choroidal malignant melanoma, which undoubtedly gives the hope of eye salvage to the patients with intraocular malignant tumors.However, this therapy arouse controversy because serious intraoperative or postoperative complications occurred in some patients.Ophthalmologists should select suitable indications for this surgery cautiously, perform the operation carefully, combine other chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy and local treatment and close follow-up if necessary.