The combination of surgery and dysglycemia is very common nowadays,since the inci-dence of diabetes increased year by year.The dysglycemia increases the difficulty of the surgery, and may cause poor prognosis.While as a trauma, the surgery deteriorated the dysglycemia in diabetic patients due to the fluctuations of hormone level.So we should pay more attention to the diabetic patients who are going to undergo a surgery.Evaluation of the basic condition before surgery, intensive blood glucose control and pre-vention of infection and other complications after surgery axe very important.This article reviews the relation-ship between surgery and dysglycemia, their possible mechanism, and the prevention.