Objective To explore the characteristics and application value of the infection of treponema pallidum among age-related cataract patients.Methods The age-related cataract patients hospitalized in Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University in the period between Jan.2009 and Jan.2011 were undertaken.The first step was detecting the treponema pallidum antibodies of the patients by ELISA assay,and those positive samples were confirmed by TPPA.Then the serum,aqueous humor and tears of those confirmed positive were collected and tested by fluorescence quantitative PCR treponema pallidum DNA testing.Results Tewlve patients' treponema pallidum antibodies were positive among 54 patients' serum,and the positive rate was 3.26％,4 patients' were positive among 50 patients' aqueous humor,and 3 patients' among 46 patients' tears.The positive rate was 23.08％,8％ and 6.52％,respectively.There were significant difference among these three groups (x2=7.0021,P ＜0.05).But it showed no significant differences of positive rate of treponema pallidum DNA between aqueous humor and tears (x2=0.0141,P ＞0.05).Besides,the positive rate of treponema pallidum DNA in serum were significantly higher than that in aqueous humor and tears (x2=6.9854,P ＜0.05).Conclusions The age-related cataract patients with the infection of treponema pallidum perform recessive syphilis and latent syphilis mostly.And it is not the exact cause for uveitis after operation.