Analysis of factors related to psychological status for adolescent orthodontic patients in stomatology department and intervention strategies
Li Congyu, Zhao Weiping, Long Xiaoqi
Published 2017-03-01
Cite as Chin J Prac Nurs, 2017,33(7): 528-531. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1672-7088.2017.07.012
Abstract
ObjectiveTo explore and analyze the risk factors affecting psychological status of adolescent orthodontic patients in stomatology department, and to develop intervention strategies according to the results.
MethodsA total of 186 cases of adolescent orthodontic patients in stomatology department from September 2012 to September 2015 were selected, and psychological status was investigated by Chinese Middle School Students Mental Health Scale (MMHI-60 scale) and Symptom Self-rating Scale (SCL-90).The patients were divided into observation group (with psychological problems) and control group (without psychological problems) according to the psychological status scale scores. Univariate descriptive analysis and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were used to determine related factors of the possible influencing factors, and the intervention strategies were developed.
ResultsThe factors such as social roles, living area, single parent, only child, internal and external tropism, neuroticism, being given health education, malocclusion severities of the deformities were closely related to psychological status of adolescent orthodontic patients in stomatology department (χ2=2.534-44.297, P<0.05 or 0.01). The independent risk factors were classified as high to low according to the degrees of danger: severe malocclusion (OR=3.578, P=0.000), instability emotional (OR=2.934,P=0.000), workers (OR=1.857, P=0.011) and rural life (OR=1.632, P=0.014), while the factors such as outgoing personality (OR=0.628, P=0.008) and being given health education (OR=0.746, P=0.010) were protective factors.
ConclusionsThe factors such as severe malocclusion, instability emotional, workers, rural life, outgoing personality and health education are the related risk factors affecting psychological status of adolescent orthodontic patients in stomatology department, and psychological health intervention should be strengthened in the clinical practice to improve the psychological status and compliance.
Key words:
Mouth abnormalities; Adolescent; Orthodontic; Psychological status
Contributor Information
Li Congyu
Zhao Weiping
Long Xiaoqi
Department of Stomatology, Central Hospital of Suining City, Sichuan Province, Suining 629000, China
畸形严重程度等均和口腔门诊青少年正畸患者心理状况紧密相关（χ2=2.534~44.297，P<0.05或0.01）；独立危险因素按照危险程度由高到低排列为：重度错
畸形（OR=3.578，P=0.000）、情绪不稳定（OR=2.934，P=0.000）、务工（OR=1.857，P=0.011）和农村生活（OR=1.632，P=0.014），而性格外向（OR=0.628，P=0.008）和给予健康教育（OR=0.746，P=0.010）均是保护性因素。
畸形、情绪不稳定、务工和农村生活、性格外向以及给予健康教育等均是影响口腔门诊青少年正畸患者心理状况的相关因素，临床中应当强化心理健康干预，以改善心理状况和依从性。
畸形被世界卫生组织定义为"牙面异常"，是口腔门诊常见的口腔疾病类型。此类患者大多处于青少年时期，主要包括排列不齐、牙错位和牙颌及颅面间关系不调导致的各种类型畸形[1]。造成此种现象的因素不仅包括先天性遗传因素，和后天环境因素也存在一定关系。错
畸形不仅影响患者外貌和咬合功能，同时对其心理健康状况也产生严重不良影响。而青少年随着心理逐渐成熟，认知、情感和社交方面均表现出不同程度变化。关注口腔门诊青少年正畸患者心理状况不仅会改善正畸效果和依从性，也有利于心理健康，保证和正畸医生、护士、家长的正常沟通。相关研究显示，青少年正畸患者存在不同程度心理问题，诸如强迫、焦虑、敌对、抑郁、偏执等，而心理问题对正畸疗效、依从性、社会适应性等均存在较为明显的不良影响[2]。因此，分析影响口腔门诊青少年正畸患者心理状况相关因素，制订对应干预策略，对改善心理问题和依从性，帮助患者安全顺利向社会角色过渡具有重要临床意义。基于此，本研究采用回顾性调查和Logistic回归分析统计学方法确定影响青少年正畸患者心理状况相关因素，并为其临床干预方法指明方向，现报道如下。
