[Summary] Sixty-eight patients with type 2 diabetes were divided into 2 groups.The patients in two groups were given metformin or pioglitazone/metformin treatment respectively for 12 weeks.The level of serum interleukin-6 (IL-6),vaspin,adiponectin,blood glucose,and other indicators before and after the treatment in patients of two groups were observed.After the treatment,the level of serum IL-6 and adiponeetin changed significantly in pioglitazone/metformin group(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).The 2hPG and HbIC in metformin group were higher than that in pioglitazone/metformin group (P ＜0.01,P ＜ 0.05).The rate of BMI change was not related with the rate of adipocytokines change,so was the rate of HbAIC change.Effects of pioglitazone/metformin on blood glucose and adipocytokines were more significant than metformin alone,which did not depend on the decrease of glucose level and body weight.