Objective To investigate the effect of breviscapine on neuroplasticity in intracerebral hemorrhage in rats. Methods A total of 108 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a sham operation, a model and a breviscapine group. Intracerebral hemorrhage was induced by collagenase injections. Neurological scores were performed for each group. Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression levels of nestin and Shankl in the perihematomal tissue. A transmission electron microscope was used to observe the synaptic ultrastructural changes. Results The synaptic ultrastructures were basically normal in the sham operation group. The synapses and organelles were dissolved and destroyed in the model group. The synapse ultrastructures tended to be normal in the breviscapine group. Compared with the model group, the number of synapses, interfacial curvature, and postsynaptic dense zone were increased significantly （allP 〈0. 01）, the synapse gaps were narrowed significantly （P 〈0. 01）, and the expression levels of Shankl and nestin increased significantly （P 〈 0. 01）. The neurological function was normal in the sham operation group. After modeling, the neurological scores increased in the model and brevlscapine groups, and the neurological function was improved rapidly in the brevlscapine group. There were significant differences in the neurological scores at day 3, 7, and 14 in the breviscapine group compared with the model group （all P 〈 0. 01）.Conclusions Breviscapine may promote the neural repair and the neurological function recovery in intracerebral hemorrhage in rats. Enhancing the plasticity of brain tissue may be one of the possible mechanisms.