To explore the viral etiology spectrum of different age and different seasons for neonatal pneumonia.

Medical records of 1 073 cases of neonatal pneumonia in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed, line direct immunofluorescence assay were used to detect nasopharyngeal secretions of newborns, the test results were statistically analyzed.

In 1 073 cases with neonatal pneumonia, 406 cases were detected positive with virus infected, the positive rate was 37.8%,7 cases were mix infected. 334 cases were infected by respiratory syncytial virus(RSV), which had the highest detection rate, accounting for 82.3%;RSV infection rate in 1-6 month baby was 36.4%, which was higher than the>6-12 month-old baby with RSV infection rate 26.5%, the difference was statistically significant(χ²=12.25,P<0.05);RSV infection rate in winter and spring group was 39.7%, which was significantly higher than that in autumn and winter group(13.6%);PIV3 infection rate in winter and spring group was 1.8%,significantly lower than that in autumn and summer group(9.1%), the difference was statistically significant(χ²=31.27,P<0.05).

RSV is the most common viral in neonatal pneumonia, more attention should be payed to RSV infection control in small babies and at winter and spring, pay attention to PIV3 infection at autumn and summer.

Virology; Nasopharyngeal secretion; Pneumonia; Infant