To investigate the preventive effect of immune anti-caries and fluoride anti-caries on deciduous caries in preschool children and its effect on streptococcus in saliva.

From January 2014 to December 2016, 360 children in Jianggan District of Hangzhou were collected in this research, and they were divided into immune anti-caries group, fluoride anti-caries group and control group according to random number method, with 120 cases in each group.The children of immune anti-caries group were given daily anti-Streptococcus immunoglobulin spray treatment.The children of fluoride anti-caries group were given DuoLe fluoride treatment every 6 months.The control group was not given any treatment.The caries of children with caries before and after treatment were observed.The oral Streptococcus, Streptococcus salivarius, Streptococcus and Streptococcus gondii were determined by fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction.

Before anti-caries treatment, the caries rates in the immune anti-caries group, fluoride anti-caries group and control group were 17.5%, 15.8% and 17.2%, respectively, there was no statistically significant difference among the three groups(χ²=0.273, P>0.05). After caries treatment, the caries rates of the immune anti-caries group, the fluoride anti-caries group and control group were 23.3%, 25.8%, 40.8%, respectively, the caries rate of the immune anti-caries group and the fluoride anti-caries group were lower than that of the control group(χ²=10.238, P<0.05), there was no statistically significant difference in the caries rate between the immune anti-caries group and the fluoride anti-caries group(χ²=0.202, P>0.05). Before immune anti-caries treatment, there were no statistically significant differences in Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus salivarius, Streptococcus sanguis and Streptococcus gondii among the three groups(F=1.037, 1.215, 1.426, 0.924, all P>0.05). After treatment with caries, the Streptococcus oralis and Streptococcus grisea in the immune anti-caries group were higher than those of the fluoride anti-caries group and the control group(F=42.132, 64.217, all P<0.05), the Streptococcus salivarius and Streptococcus sanguis in the immune anti-caries group were lower than those of the fluoride anti-caries group and the control group(F=47.382, 38.546, all P<0.05), and there were statistically significant differences in Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus salivarius, Streptococcus sanguis and Streptococcus gondii between the fluoride anti-caries group and the control group(t=31.245, 26.435, 38.536, 22.457, all P<0.05).

Immune anti-caries and fluoride anti-caries can effectively reduce the risk of caries in children.Immune anti-caries has impact on the Streptococcus bacteria of saliva, fluoride anti-caries does not affect the Streptococcus in saliva.

Dental caries; Fluoride; Streptococcus; Children