Objective To investigate the tissue structure of the human scalp hair follicles,the ability of hair follicle regeneration in vitro and the influence elements of growth and proliferation of follicle organ.Methods The paraffin sections of the 15 cases of human scalps and 150 cases of scalp hair follicle tissues were prepared,and morphological characteristics and organizational structures was observed by HE staining.The experience and growth pattern of the hair follicle that was cultured in Williams E medium in vitro were summarized.Results Human scalp contained a large number of hair follicles and sebaceous glands,sweat glands,and other skin accessories.Epithelial cells were rich in hair follicles and poorly differentiated in structure,and grew in the regular direction in scalp tissue.The Williams E was used to culture successfully human scalp hair follicles.Hair follicles grew with the fastest speed in the first 5 days.Compared with other media,the use of serum-free Williams E medium in the hair follicle in vitro experiments achieved better results.Conclusions Human scalp contained a large number of hair follicles and sebaceous glands,sweat glands,and other skin accessories.Williams E medium without serum medium was more conducive than other medium for hair follicle culture in vitro,so that regeneration of hair follicles in vitro with a better capacity created favorable conditions for the delay in hair transplant surgery.