To explore the effects of high-fat diet exposure on glucolipid metabolism and ovarian function in offspring of female Sprague Dawley rats.

Female and male rats were mated in cages at a ratio of 2∶1. Pregnant mice were collected and randomly divided into normal feed group (control group) and high-fat and high-glucose feed group (observation group). Female offspring were selected as the research object. After the offspring entering the stage of sexual maturity, the blood was taken from abdominal aorta artery. The contents of serum related factors were determined by automatic biochemical analyzer and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. Hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE) was used to directly observe the distribution and quantity of liver tissue and the quantity and structure of ovarian follicles.

Compared with the normal control group, the body weight, blood glucose, blood lipids and fat coefficient in high-fat diet rats were significantly increased (P<0.05). The secretions of estradiol (E₂), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) in the ovary were significantly reduced (P<0.05). HE slices showed that compared with the normal control group, there were fat vacuoles in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes, the increase of hepatocyte arrangement gap, the number of adipocytes and the diameter of fat droplets in the observation group. The quantities of primordial follicles and primary follicles in the ovary showed increasing trend in high-fat diet group, and the diameter of follicles was decreased.

High-fat and high glucose diet may cause abnormal glucolipid metabolism. It is speculated that high fat diet may cause ovary to be surrounded by fat through fat accumulation in the abdomen and buttocks of female offspring, which directly leads to dysfunction.

Diet, high-fat; Hepatocytes; Adipose tissue; Ovarian follicle; Rats