Clinical Study
The spectrum of children's kidney diseases—9925 renal biopsy-proven cases from a single center of China between 2004 and 2017
Chunlin Gao, Dan Zhang, Zhengkun Xia, Zhongmin Fan, Yuanfu Gao, Pei Zhang
Published 2019-03-15
Cite as Chin J Nephrol, 2019, 35(3): 177-183. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-7097.2019.03.003
Abstract
ObjectiveTo analyze the spectrum of children's kidney pathology by renal biopsy.
MethodsThe clinical and pathological data of the cases in Jinling Hospital involving the patients younger than 18 years old who received renal biopsy from April 1st, 2004 to December 31th, 2017 were retrospectively collected, and compared with the renal pathological data of 1611 children aged 0-18 years from June 1982 to March 2004.
ResultsThis study included 9925 cases of kidney diseases proven by renal biopsy. The ratio of male to female was 1.79∶1. Primary glomerulonephritis(PGN) accounted for 66.14%, and secondary glomerulonephritis (SGN) accounted for 28.00%. Top five of the PGN were IgA nephropathy (IgAN, 19.11%), mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (MsPGN, 16.07%), minimal change disease (MCD, 14.20%), focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS, 6.19%) and membranous nephropathy (MN, 4.70%) in whole children, IgAN (13.12%), MsPGN (11.20%), MCD (10.63%), FSGS (4.55%) and MN (2.54%) in males, and IgAN (5.99%), MsPGN (4.87%), MCD (3.57%), MN (2.16%) and FSGS (1.63%) in females. Top three of the SGN were Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis (HSPN, 17.74%), lupus nephritis (LN, 8.23%) and vasculitis nephropathy (1.82%). The male was in a dominant position in all kinds of pathologic types than female except LN. HSPN was the most frequent type in adolescents between 6-13 years old. LN was the commonest one in 14-18-year-old girls, while IgAN was the the most common in 14-18-year-old boys. Post infective nephritis was the most popular in 12-14-year-old teenagers. It was also found that MN ascended in female. When compared with the data before 2004, HSPN and LN accounted for a greater proportion in SGN, post infective nephritis displayed a smaller proportion.
ConclusionsPGN is the mainly kind of glomerular disease as before, and immune disorder related to glomerular diseases increase and post infective nephritis decreases in proportion. This study provides the reference and epidemic data for diagnosis, treatment and prevention of children's renal diseases.
Key words:
Biopsy; Child; Kidney diseases; Renal pathology; Spectrum of kidney diseases; Epidemiology
Contributor Information
Chunlin Gao
Pediatric Department of Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210002, China
Dan Zhang
Information Section of Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210002, China
Zhengkun Xia
Pediatric Department of Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210002, China
Zhongmin Fan
Pediatric Department of Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210002, China
Yuanfu Gao
Pediatric Department of Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210002, China
Pei Zhang
Pediatric Department of Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210002, China
