The main causes of reduced fertility in advanced women are decreased ovarian reserve and increased rate of chromosomal aberrations, leading to increased risk of abortion and chromosome aneuploidy. Oocyte quality is a key factor affecting the outcome of assisted reproductive technology. Mitochondria are the most abundant organelles in oocytes, which are essential for oocyte maturation, fertilization and embryonic development. However, according to the oxidative stress-mitochondrial catastrophe theory, the basic reason of ovarian aging is the increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which induces the loss of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in tissues and the accumulation of point mutations, increased cell apoptosis and oxidant formation, and reduced adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis. This leads to the oocyte fail to maturation, chromosomal misplacement and impaired embryonic development. Therefore, supplementation with antioxidants can reduce the mitochondrial oxidative damage-related conditions, increase the energy of chromosome segregation and improve the quality of oocytes and embryos in advanced women, and obtain better pregnancy outcomes. Therefore, this article will review the research progress of antioxidants and adjuvant drugs to improve mitochondrial function in oocytes of advanced women.