As one of the most common types of male infertility, oligozoospermia is defined as that the total number of sperm (or sperm concentration) in the ejaculated semen is lower than the lower limit of the reference value of normal fertility male semen examination. This consensus was drafted by experts organized by Reproductive Andrology Group, Reproductive Medicine Professional Committee of Chinese Medical Doctor Association, and conducted in-depth discussions on the epidemiology, etiology, diagnosis process, and individualized management of oligozoospermia. It was proposed that oligozoospermia was graded based on the twice or more results of semen analysis. And reproductive endocrine hormone examination, imaging examination, genetic testing (suspected genetic factors), etc. are recommended to determine the cause of oligozoospermia. Furthermore, we recommend treatments according to the causes of oligozoospermia (hormonal therapy, varicocelectomy, endoscopic surgery of the seminal tract, etc.), antioxidant therapy, integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, etc. Additionally, when the above-mentioned conventional treatments are invalid, assisted reproduction, including intrauterine insemination, in vitro fertilization, intracytoplasmic sperm injection, preimplantation genetic testing, was recommended reasonablly. This consensus can provide expert consultation and advice for medical professionals engaged in reproductive medicine and andrology.

Oligozoospermia; Diagnosis; Treatment; Assisted reproduction; Expert consensus