Objective To determine the clinicopathological factors predicting residual lesions after conization in patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and microinvasive carcinoma of cervix (MIC). Methods The clinical data of 77 patients with CIN3, 20 patients with stage lal cervical cancer, and 8 patients with stage Is2 cervical cancer, totally 105 patients, aged (43 + 6), who received further surgery within 3 months after eonization, 95 receiving hysterectomy, 2 receiving repeated conization, and 8 receiving radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection, were evaluated. The demographic features, clinical and pathological parameters, and the correlation thereof with the post-eonization residual lesions were analyzed retrospectively. Results Residual lesions were found in the specimens obtained from hysterectomy or repeated conizafion of 53 of the 105 patients (50.5%), among which 38 were CIN2 or less severe lesions. Univariate analysis showed that menopausal status, procreation status, cervical cytology, method of eonization, and range of resection were not correlated with the presence of post-conization residual lesion, while age ≤45 (P<0.05, odd ratio [OR] =4.68) and positive resection margin (P<0.05, OR=5.40) were risk factors of residual lesion. There were no differences in the proportion of post-conization residual lesion among the patients with MIC, CIN 3, CIN2 or less severe lesions. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that only the positive resection margin was an independent risk factor of residual lesion after conization (P <0.05, OR = 4.20). Conclusions Although severity of the cervical disease is the most important factor in determining post-conization treatment, it is not a predicting factor for post-conization residual lesion. Only the positive resection margin was an independent risk factor of residual lesion after conization.