参考文献[1]
SchaumbergDA, NicholsJJ, PapasEB, et al. The international workshop on meibomian gland dysfunction: report of the subcommittee on the epidemiology of, and associated risk factors for, MGD[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2011, 52(4):1994-2005. .
[2]
胡皎月, 廖怿, 黄彩虹, 等. 中国成人睑板腺功能障碍与体质指数的相关性[J]. 中华医学杂志, 2021, 101(32):2514-2518. .
[3]
The definition and classification of dry eye disease: report of the Definition and Classification Subcommittee of the International Dry Eye WorkShop (2007)[J]. Ocul Surf, 2007, 5(2):75-92. .
[4]
XieWJ, JiangLJ, ZhangX, et al. Eyelid margin cleaning using deep cleaning device for the treatment of meibomian gland dysfunction-associated dry eye: a preliminary investigation[J]. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B, 2019, 20(8):679-686. .
[5]
KaidoM, IbrahimOM, KawashimaM, et al. Eyelid cleansing with ointment for obstructive meibomian gland dysfunction[J]. Jpn J Ophthalmol, 2017, 61(1):124-130. .
[6]
LeeH, KimM, ParkSY, et al. Mechanical meibomian gland squeezing combined with eyelid scrubs and warm compresses for the treatment of meibomian gland dysfunction[J]. Clin Exp Optom, 2017, 100(6):598-602. .
[7]
BorchmanD. The optimum temperature for the heat therapy for meibomian gland dysfunction[J]. Ocul Surf, 2019, 17(2):360-364. .
[8]
MurphyO, O′ DwyerV, Lloyd-MckernanA. The efficacy of warm compresses in the treatment of meibomian gland dysfunction and Demodex folliculorum blepharitis[J]. Curr Eye Res, 2020, 45(5):563-575. .
[9]
NgoW, SrinivasanS, JonesL. An eyelid warming device for the management of meibomian gland dysfunction[J]. J Optom, 2019, 12(2):120-130. .
[10]
WangM, FengJ, WongJ, et al. Randomised trial of the clinical utility of an eyelid massage device for the management of meibomian gland dysfunction[J]. Cont Lens Anterior Eye, 2019, 42(6):620-624. .
[11]
HanD, KimH, KimS, et al. Comparative study on the effect of hyperthermic massage and mechanical squeezing in the patients with mild and severe meibomian gland dysfunction: an interventional case series[J]. PLoS One, 2021, 16(3):e0247365. .
[12]
RomeroJM, BiserSA, PerryHD, et al. Conservative treatment of meibomian gland dysfunction[J]. Eye Contact Lens, 2004, 30(1):14-19. .
[13]
陈琦. 抗炎治疗轻度睑板腺功能障碍的临床研究[J]. 健康之路, 2017, 16(7):52. .
[14]
陈永明. 抗炎治疗睑板腺功能障碍120例临床疗效分析[J]. 湘南学院学报(医学版), 2016, 18(3):22-24. .
[15]
LeeH, ChungB, KimKS, et al. Effects of topical loteprednol etabonate on tear cytokines and clinical outcomes in moderate and severe meibomian gland dysfunction: randomized clinical trial[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2014, 158(6):1172-1183.e1. .
[16]
AritaR, FukuokaS, MorishigeN. Therapeutic efficacy of intense pulsed light in patients with refractory meibomian gland dysfunction[J]. Ocul Surf, 2019, 17(1):104-110. .
[17]
TashbayevB, YazdaniM, AritaR, et al. Intense pulsed light treatment in meibomian gland dysfunction: a concise review[J]. Ocul Surf, 2020, 18(4):583-594. .
[18]
CoteS, ZhangAC, AhmadzaiV, et al. Intense pulsed light (IPL) therapy for the treatment of meibomian gland dysfunction[J]. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2020, 3(3):CD013559. .
[19]
MagnoM, MoschowitsE, AritaR, et al. Intraductal meibomian gland probing and its efficacy in the treatment of meibomian gland dysfunction[J]. Surv Ophthalmol, 2021, 66(4):612-622. .
[20]
ThodeAR, LatkanyRA. Current and emerging therapeutic strategies for the treatment of meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD)[J]. Drugs, 2015, 75(11):1177-1185. .
[21]
JiangX, LvH, SongH, et al. Evaluation of the safety and effectiveness of intense pulsed light in the treatment of meibomian gland dysfunction[J]. J Ophthalmol, 2016, 2016:1910694. .
[22]
彭霞, 李雅嘉, 陈佑祺, 等. 膳食补充剂Licofor治疗睑板腺功能障碍相关干眼的临床效果观察[J]. 中华医学杂志, 2021, 101(32):2508-2513. .
[23]
MorimotoS, TakahashiY, WatanabeY, et al. Chemical modification of erythromycins. I. Synthesis and antibacterial activity of 6-O-methylerythromycins A[J]. J Antibiot (Tokyo), 1984, 37(2):187-189. .
[24]
BrightGM, NagelAA, BordnerJ, et al. Synthesis, in vitro and in vivo activity of novel 9-deoxo-9a-AZA-9a-homoerythromycin A derivatives; a new class of macrolide antibiotics, the azalides[J]. J Antibiot (Tokyo), 1988, 41(8):1029-1047. .
[25]
JuurlinkDN. The cardiovascular safety of azithromycin[J]. CMAJ, 2014, 186(15):1127-1128. .
[26]
KrugerD, PrathapanP. Azithromycin: the first broad-spectrum therapeutic[J]. J Transl Autoimmun, 2020: 100062. .
[27]
BaileyRL, ArullendranP, WhittleHC, et al. Randomised controlled trial of single-dose azithromycin in treatment of trachoma[J]. Lancet, 1993, 342(8869):453-456. .
[28]
TabbaraKF, Abu-el-AsrarA, al-OmarO, et al. Single-dose azithromycin in the treatment of trachoma. A randomized, controlled study[J]. Ophthalmology, 1996, 103(5):842-846. .
[29]
AbelsonM, ProtzkoE, ShapiroA, et al. A randomized trial assessing the clinical efficacy and microbial eradication of 1% azithromycin ophthalmic solution vs tobramycin in adult and pediatric subjects with bacterial conjunctivitis[J]. Clin Ophthalmol, 2007, 1(2):177-182.
[30]
CochereauI, Meddeb-OuertaniA, KhairallahM, et al. 3-day treatment with azithromycin 1.5% eye drops versus 7-day treatment with tobramycin 0.3% for purulent bacterial conjunctivitis: multicentre, randomised and controlled trial in adults and children[J]. Br J Ophthalmol, 2007, 91(4):465-469. .
[31]
于春红, 王云松. 睑板腺功能障碍的治疗及研究进展[J]. 海南医学, 2018, 29(4):531-534. .
[32]
ZhaoF, ZhangD, GeC, et al. Metagenomic profiling of ocular surface microbiome changes in meibomian gland dysfunction[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2020, 61(8):22. .
[33]
DoughertyJM, McCulleyJP. Bacterial lipases and chronic blepharitis[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 1986, 27(4):486-491.
[34]
KnopE, KnopN, MillarT, et al. The international workshop on meibomian gland dysfunction: report of the subcommittee on anatomy, physiology, and pathophysiology of the meibomian gland[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2011, 52(4):1938-1978. .
[35]
NelsonJD, ShimazakiJ, Benitez-del-CastilloJM, et al. The international workshop on meibomian gland dysfunction: report of the definition and classification subcommittee[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2011, 52(4):1930-1937. .
[36]
DoughertyJM, McCulleyJP. Comparative bacteriology of chronic blepharitis[J]. Br J Ophthalmol, 1984, 68(8):524-528. .
[37]
RetsemaJ, GirardA, SchelklyW, et al. Spectrum and mode of action of azithromycin (CP-62, 993), a new 15-membered-ring macrolide with improved potency against gram-negative organisms[J]. Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 1987, 31(12):1939-1947. .
[38]
KagkelarisKA, MakriOE, GeorgakopoulosCD, et al. An eye for azithromycin: review of the literature[J]. Ther Adv Ophthalmol, 2018, 10:2515841418783622. .
[39]
McMullanBJ, MostaghimM. Prescribing azithromycin[J]. Aust Prescr, 2015, 38(3):87-89. .
[40]
TorkildsenG, O′BrienTP. Conjunctival tissue pharmacokinetic properties of topical azithromycin 1% and moxifloxacin 0.5% ophthalmic solutions: a single-dose, randomized, open-label, active-controlled trial in healthy adult volunteers[J]. Clin Ther, 2008, 30(11):2005-2014. .
[41]
Al-HityA, LockingtonD. Oral azithromycin as the systemic treatment of choice in the treatment of meibomian gland disease[J]. Clin Exp Ophthalmol, 2016, 44(3):199-201. .
[42]
SakaiT, ShinnoK, KurataM, et al. Pharmacokinetics of azithromycin, levofloxacin, and ofloxacin in rabbit extraocular tissues after ophthalmic administration[J]. Ophthalmol Ther, 2019, 8(4):511-517. .
[43]
ChiambarettaF, GarraffoR, ElenaPP, et al. Tear concentrations of azithromycin following topical administration of a single dose of azithromycin 0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5% eyedrops (T1225) in healthy volunteers[J]. Eur J Ophthalmol, 2008, 18(1):13-20. .
[44]
KarciogluZA, AhmedWS, RainesD, et al. Pharmacokinetics of azithromycinin rabbit lacrimal glands and conjunctiva[J]. Ophthalmic Res, 1999, 31(1):47-52. .
[45]
O′DayDM, HeadWS, FouldsG, et al. Ocular pharmacokinetics of orally administered azithromycin in rabbits[J]. J Ocul Pharmacol, 1994, 10(4):633-641. .
[46]
TabbaraKF, al-KharashiSA, al-MansouriSM, et al. Ocular levels of azithromycin[J]. Arch Ophthalmol, 1998, 116(12):1625-1628. .
[47]
FriedlaenderMH, ProtzkoE. Clinical development of 1% azithromycin in DuraSite, a topical azalide anti-infective for ocular surface therapy[J]. Clin Ophthalmol, 2007, 1(1):3-10.
[48]
孙圣书, 黄悦. 抗生素治疗睑板腺功能障碍的研究进展[J]. 国际眼科杂志, 2022, 22(5):827-832. .
[49]
BakheitAH, Al-HadiyaBM, Abd-ElgalilAA. Azithromycin[J]. Profiles Drug Subst Excip Relat Methodol, 2014, 39:1-40. .
[50]
McDonaldPJ, PruulH. Phagocyte uptake and transport of azithromycin[J]. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis, 1991, 10(10):828-833. .
[51]
HaqueRM, TorkildsenGL, BrubakerK, et al. Multicenter open-label study evaluating the efficacy of azithromycin ophthalmic solution 1% on the signs and symptoms of subjects with blepharitis[J]. Cornea, 2010, 29(8):871-877. .
[52]
LiDQ, ZhouN, ZhangL, et al. Suppressive effects of azithromycin on zymosan-induced production of proinflammatory mediators by human corneal epithelial cells[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2010, 51(11):5623-5629. .
[53]
Fernandez-RobredoP, RecaldeS, Moreno-OrduñaM, et al. Azithromycin reduces inflammation in a rat model of acute conjunctivitis[J]. Mol Vis, 2013, 19:153-165.
[54]
ZhangL, SuZ, ZhangZ, et al. Effects of azithromycin on gene expression profiles of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory mediators in the eyelid margin and conjunctiva of patients with meibomian gland disease[J]. JAMA Ophthalmol, 2015, 133(10):1117-1123. .
[55]
Green-ChurchKB, ButovichI, WillcoxM, et al. The international workshop on meibomian gland dysfunction: report of the subcommittee on tear film lipids and lipid-protein interactions in health and disease[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2011, 52(4):1979-1993. .
[56]
LiuY, KamWR, DingJ, et al. Effect of azithromycin on lipid accumulation in immortalized human meibomian gland epithelial cells[J]. JAMA Ophthalmol, 2014, 132(2):226-228. .
[57]
LiuY, KamWR, DingJ, et al. One man′s poison is another man′s meat: using azithromycin-induced phospholipidosis to promote ocular surface health[J]. Toxicology, 2014, 320:1-5. .
[58]
LiuY, KamWR, DingJ, et al. Can tetracycline antibiotics duplicate the ability of azithromycin to stimulate human meibomian gland epithelial cell differentiation?[J]. Cornea, 2015, 34(3):342-346. .
[59]
王红娟, 高莹莹, 李秀兰. 口服阿奇霉素治疗中重度睑板腺功能障碍的临床疗效[J]. 中华眼视光学与视觉科学杂志, 2019, 21(7):540-548. .
[60]
尤广智, 余海跃, 董泽英, 等. 口服阿奇霉素联合睑板腺按摩治疗睑板腺功能障碍患者的疗效观察[J]. 淮海医药, 2022, 40(3):305-307. .
[61]
FoulksGN, BorchmanD, YappertM, et al. Topical azithromycin therapy for meibomian gland dysfunction: clinical response and lipid alterations[J]. Cornea, 2010, 29(7):781-788. .
[62]
BalciO, GulkilikG. Assessment of efficacy of topical azithromycin 1.5 per cent ophthalmic solution for the treatment of meibomian gland dysfunction[J]. Clin Exp Optom, 2018, 101(1):18-22. .
[63]
CilogluE, ÖzcanAA, IncekalanT, et al. The role of topical azithromycin in the treatment of meibomian gland dysfunction[J]. Cornea, 2020, 39(3):321-324. .
[64]
YildizE, YenerelNM, Turan-YardimciA, et al. Comparison of the clinical efficacy of topical and systemic azithromycin treatment for posterior blepharitis[J]. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther, 2018, 34(4):365-372. .
[65]
KashkouliMB, FazelAJ, KiavashV, et al. Oral azithromycin versus doxycycline in meibomian gland dysfunction: a randomised double-masked open-label clinical trial[J]. Br J Ophthalmol, 2015, 99(2):199-204. .
[66]
De BenedettiG, VaianoAS. Oral azithromycin and oral doxycycline for the treatment of meibomian gland dysfunction: a 9-month comparative case series[J]. Indian J Ophthalmol, 2019, 67(4):464-471. .
[67]
FoulksGN, BorchmanD, YappertM, et al. Topical azithromycin and oral doxycycline therapy of meibomian gland dysfunction: a comparative clinical and spectroscopic pilot study[J]. Cornea, 2013, 32(1):44-53. .
[68]
ZandianM, RahimianN, SoheilifarS. Comparison of therapeutic effects of topical azithromycin solution and systemic doxycycline on posterior blepharitis[J]. Int J Ophthalmol, 2016, 9(7):1016-1019. .
[69]
SatitpitakulV, RatanawongphaibulK, KasetsuwanN, et al. Efficacy of azithromycin 1.5% eyedrops vs oral doxycycline in meibomian gland dysfunction: a randomized trial[J]. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol, 2019, 257(6):1289-1294. .
[70]
陈澎, 高延娥, 王鸿. 阿奇霉素眼水在睑板腺功能障碍及其造成干眼中的应用[J]. 中国老年保健医学, 2013, 11(2):69-71. .
[71]
FadlallahA, RamiHE, FahdD, et al. Azithromycin 1.5% ophthalmic solution: efficacy and treatment modalities in chronic blepharitis[J]. Arq Bras Oftalmol, 2012, 75(3):178-182. .
[72]
IgamiTZ, HolzchuhR, OsakiTH, et al. Oral azithromycin for treatment of posterior blepharitis[J]. Cornea, 2011, 30(10):1145-1149. .
[73]
OpitzDL, TylerKF. Efficacy of azithromycin 1% ophthalmic solution for treatment of ocular surface disease from posterior blepharitis[J]. Clin Exp Optom, 2011, 94(2):200-206. .
[74]
AritaR, FukuokaS. Efficacy of azithromycin eyedrops for individuals with meibomian gland dysfunction-associated posterior blepharitis[J]. Eye Contact Lens, 2021, 47(1):54-59. .
[75]
JohnT, ShahAA. Use of azithromycin ophthalmic solution in the treatment of chronic mixed anterior blepharitis[J]. Ann Ophthalmol (Skokie), 2008, 40(2):68-74.
[76]
GranetD, LichtensteinSJ, OnofreyB, et al. An assessment of the tolerability of moxifloxacin 0.5% compared to azithromycin 1.0% in DuraSite[J]. Clin Ophthalmol, 2007, 1(4):519-525.
[77]
ProtzkoE, BowmanL, AbelsonM, et al. Phase 3 safety comparisons for 1.0% azithromycin in polymeric mucoadhesive eye drops versus 0.3% tobramycin eye drops for bacterial conjunctivitis[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2007, 48(8):3425-3429. .
[78]
Gedar TotukOM, YukselenA. Acute allergic reaction caused by topical azithromycin eye drops: a report of two cases[J]. Saudi J Ophthalmol, 2019, 33(2):180-182. .