Clinical Investigation
Risk factor distribution features and trends of young adults with first acute coronary syndrome
Yang Hongxia, Zuo Huijuan, Jia Shujie, Ye Pucong, Xing Haoran, Zhao Xin, Yang Xueyao, Zhang Wenyi, Song Xiantao
Published 2021-03-24
Cite as Chin J Cardiol, 2021, 49(3): 242-249. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20200417-00324
Abstract
ObjectiveTo observe the characteristics and trends during the last 11 years of risk factors of young adults with first acute coronary syndrome (ACS).
MethodsIt was a cross-sectional study. We included young adults (18 to 44 years old) hospitalized for acute coronary syndrome in Beijing Anzhen Hospital for a first time from January 2007 to December 2017. Acute coronary syndromes include ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), and unstable angina (UA). The general information, medical history and laboratory test were recorded. Risk factors of ACS were smoking, dyslipidemia, overweight/obesity, hypertension and diabetes.
ResultsData from 7 106 patients were analyzed, mean age was (39.8±4.2) years old and 6 593(92.8%)were men, including 2 254 (31.7%) STEMI, 704 (9.9%) NSTEMI and 4 148 (58.4%) UA. Most patients were male (6 593(92.8%)). Dyslipidemia (85.8%(6 094/7 106)), overweight/obesity (82.3%(5 850/7 106)), and smoking (63.9%(4 545/7 106)) were most prevalent. 98.3% (6 885/7 106) patients had at least 1 risk factor. The prevalence of hypertension, diabetes and overweight/obesity increased from 2007 to 2017. Rates of hypertension increased from 37.1%(111/299) to 48.1%(498/1 035) (Ptrend<0.01), diabetes from 12.0%(36/299) to 19.4%(201/1 035) (Ptrend<0.01), overweight/obesity from 74.2%(222/299) to 83.9%(868/1 035) (Ptrend<0.05), respectively.
ConclusionsDyslipidemia, overweight/obesity and smoking are most prevalent risk factors in young adults with a first ACS and most patients have at least 1 risk factor for ACS. Rates of hypertension, diabetes and overweight/obesity progressively increases over time in this patient cohort.
Key words:
Acute coronary syndrome; Young aldult; Risk factors
Contributor Information
Yang Hongxia
Department of Comprehensive Medical, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
Zuo Huijuan
Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Department of Community Health Research, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing 100029, China
Jia Shujie
Department of Comprehensive Medical, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
Ye Pucong
Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
Xing Haoran
Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
Zhao Xin
Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
Yang Xueyao
Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
Zhang Wenyi
Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
Song Xiantao
Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
