Original Article
Analysis on the trend of prevalence of excellent and good physical fitness and health status among Chinese Han students aged 13 to 18 years and related influencing factors from 1985 to 2014
Zhang Jingshu, Yan Xiaojin, Hu Peijin, Luo Dongmei, Ma Ning, Ma Jun, Song Yi
Published 2020-09-06
Cite as Chin J Prev Med, 2020, 54(9): 981-987. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20191121-00877
Abstract
ObjectiveUsing the Chinese National Survey on Students′ Constitution and Health data from 1985 to 2014 to analyze the trend of excellent and good physical fitness and health status among Chinese Han students aged 13 to 18 years and the related influencing factors.
Methods738 523 students aged 13 to 18 years with completed data of gender, age, urban and rural, physical form, vital capacity and physical fitness were selected from the six Chinese National Surveys on Students′ Constitution and Health. According to National Standards for Students′ Physical Health (2014 revision), the comprehensive scores and the prevalence of excellent and good physical fitness and health status were calculated (90.0-120.0 was classified as excellent, and 80.0-89.9 was classified as good). The trend of prevalence of excellent and good physical fitness and health status in different years and the corresponding differences among students with different characteristics were analyzed and compared. The log-binomial regression model was used to analyze related factors of physical fitness and health status.
ResultsFrom 1985 to 2014, the overall prevalence of excellent and good physical fitness and health status increased from 27.6% in 1985 to 35.6% in 1995, and then declined to 13.9% in 2005. In the 2010 and 2014 cycles, the prevalence increased steadily, at 16.5% and 19.1% respectively. Except for 1995 and 2014, the prevalence of boys was higher than that of girls (P<0.001). The prevalence of students aged 13 to 15 was higher than that of students aged 16 to 18 (P<0.001). Log-binomial regression model analysis showed that girls ［PR（95%CI）=1.03（1.00-1.05）, P=0.021］, rural area ［PR（95%CI）=1.09（1.07-1.12）, P<0.001］, 13-15 years old［PR（95%CI）=1.89（1.84-1.94）, P<0.001］, eastern region［PR（95%CI）=1.94（1.88-2.00）, P<0.001］, middle region［PR（95%CI）=1.15（1.11-1.20）, P<0.001］, Exercise time ≥1 h/d［PR（95%CI）=1.41（1.37-1.45）, P<0.001］, parents support participation in sports activities after school［PR（95%CI）=1.10（1.06-1.15）, P<0.001］, TV time ≤1 h/d［PR（95%CI）=1.26（1.21-1.30）, P<0.001］, playing video games, watching videos or e-books ≤1 h/d［PR（95%CI）=1.05（1.02-1.09）, P<0.001］ were all related to the high prevalence of excellent and good physical fitness and health status.
ConclusionThe prevalence of excellent and good physical fitness and health status among students aged 13 to 18 was changing between 1985 and 2014. Gender, age, area, physical exercise time, screen time for non-learning purposes, and parents′ attitudes toward students′ participation in physical activities were all related to the excellent and good physical fitness and health status of students.
Key words:
Body constitution; Health status; Students; Trend; Factor analysis
Contributor Information
Zhang Jingshu
School of Public Health, Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
Yan Xiaojin
School of Public Health, Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
Hu Peijin
School of Public Health, Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
Luo Dongmei
School of Public Health, Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
Ma Ning
School of Public Health, Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
Ma Jun
School of Public Health, Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
Song Yi
School of Public Health, Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
