Chinese National Survey of Students' Constitution and Health
Prevalence trend of high normal blood pressure and elevated blood pressure in Chinese Han children and adolescents aged 7-17 years from 2010 to 2019
Chen Li, Zhang Yi, Ma Tao, Liu Jieyu, Shi Di, Zhong Panliang, Ma Ning, Dong Yanhui, Dong Bin, Song Yi, Ma Jun
Published 2023-04-06
Cite as Chin J Prev Med, 2023, 57(4): 499-507. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20220901-00859
Abstract
ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence trend of high normal blood pressure and elevated blood pressure in children and adolescents aged 7 to 17 years in China from 2010 to 2019.
MethodsStudents aged 7-17 years were selected from the Chinese National Survey on Students′ Constitution and Health from 2010 to 2019. High normal blood pressure and elevated blood pressure were determined according to the "Reference of screening for elevated blood pressure among children and adolescents aged 7-18 years" (WS/T 610—2018). The Chi-square test was performed to determine whether there was a difference in the prevalence of high normal blood pressure and elevated blood pressure by gender, residence and age group.
ResultsIn 2019, the prevalence of high normal blood pressure in children and adolescents aged 7-17 years was 15.3% (29 855/195 625), which was higher in boys (20.2%, 19 779/97 847) and rural areas (15.4%, 15 066/97 567) than that in girls (10.3%, 10 076/97 778) and urban areas (15.1%, 14 789/98 058), respectively (all P<0.05). The prevalence of elevated blood pressure was 13.0% (25 377/195 625), which was higher in girls (13.2%, 12 925/97 778) and rural areas (14.1%, 13 753/97 567) than that in boys (12.7%, 12 452/97 847) and urban areas (11.9%, 11 624/98 058) (all P<0.05). From 2010 to 2019, the prevalence of high normal blood pressure showed an increasing trend, with an annual average growth rate from 1.14% to 3.18%. The overall prevalence of elevated blood pressure also showed an increasing trend from 2010 to 2019 but decreased in 2014. The annual average growth rate of elevated blood pressure was -1.07% from 2010 to 2014 and 9.33% from 2014 to 2019. About 17 provinces had an increasing trend in the prevalence of elevated blood pressure from 2010 to 2014, and 22 provinces with an increasing trend from 2014 to 2019. There were obvious regional differences in the annual average growth rate of the prevalence of high normal blood pressure and elevated blood pressure. The regions with the highest annual average growth rate of the prevalence of high normal blood pressure were the Northeast (5.47%) from 2010 to 2014 and the Western region (5.21%) from 2014 to 2019. For elevated blood pressure, the Northeast had the highest annual average growth rate from 2010 to 2014 (12.35%), while the Central (15.79%) and Western (12.87%) had the highest growth rate from 2014 to 2019.
ConclusionFrom 2010 to 2019, the prevalence of high normal blood pressure and elevated blood pressure in Chinese Han children and adolescents aged 7 to 17 shows an increasing trend, with regional disparities.
Key words:
Child; Adolescent; Elevated blood pressure; Growth trend
Contributor Information
Chen Li
Institute of Child and Adolescent Health/School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
Zhang Yi
Institute of Child and Adolescent Health/School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
Ma Tao
Institute of Child and Adolescent Health/School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
Liu Jieyu
Institute of Child and Adolescent Health/School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
Shi Di
Institute of Child and Adolescent Health/School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
Zhong Panliang
Institute of Child and Adolescent Health/School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
Ma Ning
Institute of Child and Adolescent Health/School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
Dong Yanhui
Institute of Child and Adolescent Health/School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
Dong Bin
Institute of Child and Adolescent Health/School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
Song Yi
Institute of Child and Adolescent Health/School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
Ma Jun
Institute of Child and Adolescent Health/School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China