Brain neurostimulation has become an effective therapy for a variety of neurological and psychiatric diseases. Currently, brain stimulation is commonly in an open-loop manner, while closed-loop brain neurostimulation achieves the goals of automatic diagnosis and treatment with simultaneous monitoring. Closed-loop brain neurostimulation system consists of three main parts: signal reception, signal processing, and intervention. This kind of therapy is a valuable and promising treatment that has demonstrated high clinical effectiveness when treating epilepsy, Parkinson′s disease, tremor, and depression. This paper focused on the techniques and clinical application of closed-loop brain neurostimulation, and discussed the limitations and future of this technique.

Deep brain stimulation; Closed-loop brain neurostimulation; Neuromodulation; Responsive neurostimulation system