Objective To establish a tibial cancer pain model with MADB-106 mammary gland carcinoma cell line and to conduct therapeutic research through the behavior pain, X-ray, histological observation of the model. Methods A rat model of bone cancer pain was established by intra-tibial inoculations of MADB-106 rat mamnary gland carcinoma cells in SD rats. Spontaneous pain was assessed by the reflection of spontaneous paw withdraw, move-evoked pain was observed by the extent of lower extremity claudication when the rats walked and heat hyperalgesia was evaluated by using a thermal dolorimeter. The structural damage of the bone was monitored by X-ray and histology.Results The model group spontaneously withdrawed their paws (14.42±1.24) times on the 15th day after operation (P ＜0.001), (18.33±1.37) times on the 22nd day (P ＜0.001), (21.25±1.54) times on the 25th day (P ＜0.001). The radiant pain thresholds of the model group was (1 1.86±1.63) s on the 15th day after operation (P ＜0.001), (8.38±1.05) s on the 22nd day (P ＜0.001), (7.47±1.25) times on the 25th day (P ＜0.001). The move-evoked pain score of the model group was (1.25±0.62) on the 15th day after operation (P ＜0.001), (2.00±0.95) on the 22nd day (P ＜0.001), (2.33±1.07)on the 25th day (P ＜0.001). The results showed that rats of the model group displayed the gradual development of spontaneous pain, heat hyperalgesia and move-evoked pain on the 15-25 days after injection of the tumor cells. The X-ray of the tibia showed clear bone destruction. The histology of the bone showed the bone marrow cavity was full of tumor cells and the cortical bone had been destroyed. Conclusion The bone cancer model has been built well and it will be useful to evaluate the therapy of cancer pain after two weeks.. The histology o