Review
Research progress on the immune characteristics and application of exhausted CD4+ T cells
LI Xuyang, LYU Jiayu, HAN Jingquan, XU Jinzhi
Published 2024-01-05
Cite as Int J Immunol, 2024, 47(1): 62-67. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4394.2024.01.011
Abstract
Exhausted T cells (Tex) are characterized by increased expression of cell-surface inhibitory markers and concomitant changes in T-cell transcriptional profiles, leading to a progressive and hierarchical immune dysfunction. CD4+ T cells can affect other infiltrating immune cells in chronic infection or tumor environments, participating in the pathological progression and prognosis of tumors. Researches have shown that CD4+ T cells can also be exhausted in tumor microenvironment, which may be directly related to the clinical treatment effectiveness of tumors. This review mainly summarizes the immunological characteristics and functions of CD4+ Tex in tumors, with the aim of providing new targets for tumor treatment.
Key words:
Exhausted CD4+ T cell; Tumor; Programmed cell death protein-1; Immune checkpoint blockade
Contributor Information
LI Xuyang
Thoracic Surgery Department of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150000, China
LYU Jiayu
First Surgery Department of Harbin the Fifth Hospital, Harbin 150040, China
HAN Jingquan
Thoracic Surgery Department of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150000, China
XU Jinzhi
Thoracic Surgery Department of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150000, China