To explore the application effect of 5A nursing model based on Internet platform in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

A total of one hundred and fifteen pregnant women with GDM who underwent birth examination in Binzhou Central Hospital between July 2019 and February 2022 were prospectively selected as subjects in this study, and were divided into control and study groups by the random number table method. Fifty-eight patients in the control group, aged 22-33 years, were given clinical routine care intervention, and 57 patients in the study group, aged 22-35 years, were given 5A nursing model based on Internet platform based on routine care. The control of blood glucose [fasting blood glucose (FBG) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c)], self-efficacy [Diabetes Management Self-Efficacy Scale (DMSES) and General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES)], psychological status [Pregnancy-Specific Anxiety Questionnaire (PAQ), Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS)], self-management ability [modified version of Summary of Diabetes Self Care Activities (SDSCA)], and pregnancy outcomes of the two groups were compared. Statistical methods used were t test and χ² test.

After nursing, the levels of FBG and HbA1c in the study group were lower than those in the control group [(5.11±1.02) mmol/L vs. (5.62±1.12) mmol/L, (5.21±1.04)% vs. (5.74±1.15)%], with statistically significant differences (t=2.55 and 2.59, both P<0.05). The DMSES and GSES scores of the study group were higher than those of the control group [(168.47±18.72) points vs. (154.32±17.15) points, (35.27±3.92) points vs. (31.48±3.51) points], with statistically significant differences (t=4.23 and 5.46, both P<0.05). The scores of PAQ, SAS, and SDS in the study group were lower than those in the control group [(18.51±3.70) points vs. (21.42±4.28) points, (41.32±6.88) points vs. (45.51±7.58) points, (42.33±7.05) points vs. (45.62±7.61) points], with statistically significant differences (t=3.90, 3.10, and 2.40, all P<0.05). The scores of diet, exercise, blood glucose monitoring, and foot care of the SDSCA in the study group were higher than those in the control group [(22.15±3.69) points vs. (20.41±3.40) points, (10.87±2.17) points vs. (9.43±1.89) points, (11.12±2.22) points vs. (10.21±2.04) points, (11.45±2.29) points vs. (10.31±2.06) points], with statistically significant differences (t=2.63, 3.80, 2.29, and 2.81, all P<0.05). The incidences of polyhydramnios and macrosomia in the study group were lower than those in the control group [5.26% (3/57) vs. 18.97% (11/58), 7.02% (4/57) vs. 24.13% (14/58)], with statistically significant differences (χ²=5.05 and 6.38, both P<0.05).

The 5A nursing model intervention based on Internet platform was applied to GDM patients, the blood glucose level during pregnancy was obviously controlled, and the self-efficacy, psychological status, and self-management ability were significantly improved, with good pregnancy outcomes.

Gestational diabetes mellitus; Pregnant woman; 5A nursing model; Internet platform; Self-management