Dark circles refer to a cosmetic issue characterized by relatively darker skin color between the brow arch and the cheekbones. It has a high incidence rate and significantly affects patients’ quality of life and mental health. This article provides an overview of the periocular anatomical structures and the clinical classification of dark circles. It delves into the pathogenesis and etiologies of structural, pigmented, and vascular dark circles, summarizing and differentiating the clinical manifestations of these three types. This article also discusses selection of the appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic approaches based on the etiology and types, offering valuable insights for clinical practice.

Eyelid; Hyperpigmentation; Cutis laxa; Aging; Dark circles