Recombinant virus vector vaccine is a kind of vaccine which uses virus as vector to deliver target antigen. The technical route of virus vector was mostly used for animal vaccines and the pathogen vaccines which were difficult to develop with traditional technical routes in the early stage. Among the five technical routes for the research and development of vaccines against COVID-19 in China, the recombinant virus vector vaccine was approved for marketing and played an important role in the prevention and control of the epidemic because of its advantages of simultaneously producing strong humoral and cellular immunity, being vaccinated through mucosal pathway, and completing the immunization program with one dose. However, due to the pre-existing immune problems of this vaccine, such as factors that may reduce the protective efficacy of the vaccine, and the increase of safety risks in order to enhance immunogenicity, there are few recombinant virus vector vaccine products on the market. With the development of genetic engineering and molecular biology technology, the variety of virus vectors is increasing day by day, and it has been applied in many vaccines. In this paper, the research and development status of recombinant virus vector vaccine is reviewed.

Recombinant virus vector; Adenovirus vector; Vaccinia virus vector; Sendai virus vector; Measles virus vector; Vesicular stomatitis virus vector; COVID-19 vaccines; Ebola vaccines; Influenza vaccines