Diabetes mellitus is a common metabolic disease of the endocrine system.It is greatly harmful to human health.The newest research indicates that type 2 diabetes may has all close relationship with the immune-neuro-endocrine network.especially with the HPA axis.Hormones secreted by the HPA axis regulate glucose and lipid metabolism.Some condition factors,for example the stress,can make the HPA axis disordered,bring about the disturbance of glucose and lipid metabolism,then result in the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.Exploring new drugs to treat type 2 diabetes by taking the HPA axis as the target is a new direction for the drug exploitation.