As a method of ultrahigh frequency ultrasonic imaging inspection,ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) is little influenced by nubecula,aqueous humour opacities,and microcoria,etc.UBM plays a vital role in the diagnosis and treatment of anterior segment eyes,especially of the lens diseases.This article will give a general review of the application of UBM to the judging of the lenticular nucleus hardness and the dislocation of lens before surgery,before intraocular lens (IOL) ciliary sulcus suture fixation surgery,before surgery of cataract extraction combined with trabeculectomy,after anterior chamber intraocular lens implantation,the analysis of the relationship between the location of posterior chamber intraocular lens and the surrounding tissues,safety analysis after implantation of phakic posterior chamber intraocular lens,and analysis of the causes of postoperative complication,etc.The application of UBM to lens surgery could help to identify appropriate surgical modality,to foresee and prevent potential complications.