Health Management in Pregnancy and Childbirth
Association of pre-pregnancy body mass index and gestational weight gain with macrosomia
Wang Yaxin, Wang Ziyang, Sun Yin, Li Jiao, Ma Liangkun, Yang Lin, Liu Juntao, Gao Jinsong
Published 2023-06-20
Cite as Chin J Health Manage, 2023, 17(6): 412-417. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115624-20230207-00065
Abstract
ObjectiveTo analyze the association of pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and gestational weight gain with macrosomia.
MethodsIn this retrospective cohort study, data of all puerperae and newborns in the Obstetrics Center of Peking Union Medical College Hospital from July 2020 to June 2021 were collected, including basic maternal information, pregnancy complications and neonatal conditions. A total of 2 422 pregnant women with full-term singleton live birth and their newborns were included in the analysis. The incidence of macrosomia (≥4 000 g) was calculated according to the birth weight of the newborns. Logistic regression and heat map were used to analyze the associations of pre-pregnancy BMI and gestational weight gain with macrosomia.
ResultsThe incidence of macrosomia was 4.00% (97/2 422) in full-term singleton live birth newborns. Pre-pregnancy body weight, pre-pregnancy BMI, pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity rate, pre-delivery body weight, total weight gain during pregnancy, mean weekly weight gain during pregnancy, the proportion of excessive weight gain during pregnancy, duration of pregnancy, and the proportion of primiparity and education level of junior college or below were all significantly higher in the puerperae of the macrosomia group than those in the non-macrosomia group [(63.87±8.27) vs (58.14±7.86) kg, (23.33±2.97) vs (21.60±2.72) kg/m², 35.1% vs 17.3%, (77.48±9.11) vs (70.02±8.79) kg, (13.61±4.56) vs (11.88±4.40) kg, (0.34±0.11) vs (0.30±0.11) kg, 58.8% vs 31.1%, (280.47±7.79) vs (276.14±7.83) d, 34.1% vs 23.7%, 18.6% vs 7.5%] (all P<0.05). Pre-pregnancy BMI (OR=1.227, 95%CI: 1.145-1.314), mean weekly weight gain during the whole pregnancy (OR=33.453, 95%CI: 5.172-217.947), duration of pregnancy (OR=1.083, 95%CI: 1.055-1.112), primiparity (OR=1.969, 95%CI: 1.232-3.101) and education level of junior college or below (OR=2.525, 95%CI: 1.325-4.668) were all positively associated with occurrence of macrosomia (all P<0.05). The incidence of macrosomia increased with the pre-pregnancy body mass index and mean weekly weight gain during the whole pregnancy.
ConclusionsHigh pre-pregnancy BMI and mean weekly weight gain during the whole pregnancy are associated with the increased risk of macrosomia. Appropriate weight management during pregnancy may help to reduce the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Key words:
Body mass index; Gestation period; Weight gain; Birth weight; Weight management
Contributor Information
Wang Yaxin
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing 100730, China
Wang Ziyang
Institute of Medical Information, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100020, China
Sun Yin
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing 100730, China
Li Jiao
Institute of Medical Information, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100020, China
Ma Liangkun
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing 100730, China
Yang Lin
Institute of Medical Information, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100020, China
Liu Juntao
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing 100730, China
Gao Jinsong
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing 100730, China
