Objective To study the effect of life style intervention on primary hypertension. Methods 158 eases with primary hypertension were randomly divided into the intervention group (n =80) and the control group (n=78). In the intervention group, the patients received the life style intervention apart from medication. The intervention included health guidance, proper diets, weight control, no smoking and less drinking and more exercise. In the control group, the patients received only medication with usual life style. One-year follow-up was carried out. Results Among the intervention group, patients' behavior was obviously improved and blood pressure was decreased. There was a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05, P <0.01 ). Conclusions Based on the anti-hypertensiou drug, life style intervention can significantly improve the effects of decreasing blood pressure and reduce the incidence of cardiovascular diseases and sequel. It also reduces the usage of anti-hypertension drug and decreases the side effects, thereby improving the quality of life and decreasing the patients' economic load. It is worthy of clinical application.