Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a primary pathogen causing corneal endotheliitis, which may necessitate corneal transplantation if corneal transparency can not be restored.Recurrence of CMV infection and immune rejection are the main causes of graft failure, emphasizing proper postoperative drug therapy to improve the prognosis of patients.Long-term use of antiviral medications is necessary in order to prevent viral recurrence for patients suffering from CMV corneal endotheliitis who have undergone corneal transplantations.When unexplained endothelial decompensation occurs after corneal transplantation, the diagnosis and treatment of CMV endotheliitis must be emphasized.Topical use of glucocorticoids is the main means to prevent immune rejection.Due to the lower incidence of rejection and increased risk of viral recurrence, reducing or even eliminating the use of immunosuppressants may be considered for patients receiving endothelial keratoplasty.In this paper, different antiviral and anti-rejection drug regimens for patients who have undergone corneal transplantation were reviewed to find more effective and reasonable regimens and provide references for clinical treatment.

Cytomegalovirus; Corneal endotheliitis; Corneal transplantation; Antiviral agents; Immunosuppressants