To explore and analyze the evidences for the prevention and management of stress injury in critically ill patients in ICU, and to provide evidences for clinical nursing staff to adopt targeted nursing strategies.

The evidence-based method was adopted. Evidences for the prevention and management of stress injury in critically ill patients in ICU were searched from BMJ, JBI Evidence-based Health Care Center Database, Cochrane Library, Pub Med, Up To Date, UK National Institute of Clinical Medicine guide library, Netherlands Medical Abstracts Database, American Guide Network, and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, including guidelines, randomized controlled clinical trials, retrospective case analyses, expert consensus, meta-analysis, research progress, and original studies. Two researchers evaluated the quality of the literatures and extracted the relevant evidences that met the quality standards.

Twelve articles were included, including 2 guidelines, 2 randomized controlled clinical trials, 4 retrospective case analyses, 2 expert consensus, 1 meta analysis, and 1 research progress. Fifteen evidences were summarized, including the current characteristics of stress injury occurrence, stress injury risk assessment and risk factor analysis, stress injury prevention measures, and stress injury nursing management measures.

When recommending clinical evidences for nursing staff, the clinical environment and conditions of the medical institution where you are working and factors promoting and hindering the application of evidences by medical staff should be evaluated, the evidences should be chosen according to the patients' willingness, and the evidences should be continuously updated to prevent and manage the patients' stress injuries and improve nursing quality.

Critical ICU patients; Stress injuries; Prevention and management; Best evidences