Special Column of Pediatrics
Effects of vitamin D supplementation in the third trimester of pregnancy on maternal and neonatal 25 hydroxyvitamin D levels and neonatal diseases
Zhang Ming, Zhuang Lijuan, Feng Xiao, Qiu Huiying, Chen Caiyan, Wei Xiaofan, Xiao Naian
Published 2022-11-15
Cite as IMHGN, 2022, 28(22): 3193-3197. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-1245.2022.22.019
Abstract
ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of vitamin D supplementation in the third trimester of pregnancy on maternal and neonatal 25 hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels, neonatal physical development, and neonatal diseases.
MethodsThe pregnant women who delivered in Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University and The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University from January 2019 to December 2021 and their neonates were collected as research objects and were randomly divided into an intervention group (316 cases) and a control group (337 cases). In the intervention group, 269 cases were <35 years old and 47 cases were ≥35 years old; in the control group, 283 cases were <35 years old and 54 cases were ≥35 years old. The intervention group received daily vitamin D supplementation ≥600 IU from 28 weeks of gestation to delivery, and the control group received daily vitamin D supplementation <600 IU. The maternal antepartum and neonatal 25(OH)D levels were detected, the neonatal body weight, length, and head circumference were measured, and the delivery mode, premature delivery rate, and incidence of neonatal diseases were counted. Independent sample t test and χ2 test were used.
ResultsThe maternal antepartum and neonatal 25(OH)D levels in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group [(27.91±7.56) μg/L vs. (24.65±6.83) μg/L, (16.24±4.31) μg/L vs. (12.60±3.97) μg/L], with statistically significant differences (both P<0.001). The maternal antepartum and neonatal vitamin D deficiency rates in the intervention group were significantly lower than those in the control group [19.62% (62/316) vs. 47.18% (159/337), 17.09% (54/316) vs. 49.26% (166/337)], with statistically significant differences (both P<0.001). The neonatal body weight, length, and head circumference in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group (all P<0.05). The incidences of neonatal early-onset sepsis and neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis in the intervention group were significantly lower than those in the control group [1.27% (4/316) vs. 4.15% (14/337), 2.53% (8/316) vs. 6.23% (21/337)], with statistically significant differences (both P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the cesarean section rate and premature delivery rate between the two groups (both P>0.05).
ConclusionDaily vitamin D supplementation ≥600 IU in the third trimester of pregnancy can increase the maternal and neonatal serum 25(OH)D levels, promote the neonatal physical development, and reduce the incidence of severe neonatal diseases, but has no significant effects on the cesarean section rate and premature delivery rate.
Key words:
Vitamin D; 25 hydroxyvitamin D; Physical development; Neonatal diseases
Contributor Information
Zhang Ming
Department of Pediatrics, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen 361004, China
Zhuang Lijuan
Department of Obstetrics, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen 361004, China
Feng Xiao
Department of Pediatrics, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen 361004, China
Qiu Huiying
Department of Pediatrics, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen 361004, China
Chen Caiyan
Department of Pediatrics, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen 361004, China
Wei Xiaofan
Department of Pediatrics, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen 361004, China
Xiao Naian
Department of Medical Administration, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, China
