The global incidence of myopia is increasing at an alarming rate, and the World Health Organization (WHO) has listed myopic as one of the blinding eye diseases to be urgently addressed. Myopia is a complex disease with multiple genes and factors interacting with heredity and environment. The treatment of myopia has limited effects and some disadvantages, and there is no consensus on clinical management strategies at present. Risk assessment of myopia to identify the population in need of intervention (such as high-risk factors for myopia, preclinical myopia, early myopia, advanced myopia) is the most important initial step in prevention and control of myopia. The purpose of this review is to provide the latest clinical management strategies for the prevention and control of myopia, address the health problems associated with myopia and alleviate the burden of myopia.

myopia; myopia prevention and control; myopia prediction; clinical management