A migraine is a common essential he,he in clinical practice. Studies in recent years have found that cortical spreading depression （CSD） may be one of the irnportant mechanisms for the cause of migraine. This article reviews the relationship between SCD and neurobiological mechanism of migraine, particular expounding the significance in the gene mutations of familial hemiplegic migraine, CSD in migraine pathophysiological mechanisms and their prophylactic treatment.