Objective To study the expression of specific anti-platelet glycoprotein autoantibodies GP Ⅱ b/Ⅲ a,GP Ⅰ b/Ⅸ and GP Ⅰ a/Ⅱ a in primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP),and to evaluate the relationship between the therapeutic effect and the expression of specific anti-platelet glycoprotein antibodies GP Ⅱ b/Ⅲ a,GP Ⅰ b/Ⅸ and GP Ⅰ a/Ⅱ a.Methods Anti-GP Ⅱ b/Ⅲ a,GP Ⅰ b/Ⅸ and GP Ⅰ a/Ⅱ a antibodies were assayed by ELISA for patients with ITP.Total 442 patients in our hospital,who were retrospectively investigated from December 2010 to November 2012,were divided into newly diagnosed ITP,persistent and chronic ITP.The expression of specific anti-platelet glycoprotein antibody in each group was measured separately.The newly diagnosed ITP patients were treated with intravenous IgG (IVIG) and corticosteroids.The relationship between the expression of specific antiplatelet glycoprotein antibodies GP Ⅱ b/Ⅲa,GP Ⅰ b/Ⅸ and GP Ⅰ a/Ⅱ a and the complete response(CR) was studied.Results Positive rates of anti-platelet glycoprotein antibodies were 59.09％,26.97％ and 37.35％ respectively in newly diagnosed ITP,persistent and chronic ITP,the difference was statistical significant (P＜0.05).In newly diagnosed ITP,positive rate of antibody against GP Ⅱ b/Ⅲ a was 38.64％,double positive rate of antibodies against both GP Ⅱ b/Ⅲ a and GP Ⅰ a/Ⅱ a was 15.91％,there was statistical significance (P＜0.05) compared with that of persistent and chronic ITP.The complete response (CR) rate in newly diagnosed ITP patients with positive antibody against GP Ⅱ b/Ⅲ a was 80.39％ after treatment with IVIG and corticosteroids.There was statistical significance compared with that in patients having no antibodies (P＜0.05).Conclusion The expression of antibodies against GP Ⅱ b/Ⅲ a and double positive for both GP Ⅱ b/Ⅲ a and GP Ⅰ a/ Ⅱ a autoantibodies increased in newly diagnosed ITP patients.Patients with anti-GP Ⅱ b/Ⅲ a autoantibody had good response to medication with IVIG and corticosteroids.