Depending on the operational definition and specific measurements, ocular dominance could be generally classified into sighting, motor, and sensory dominance. Sighting dominance refers to the eye preferred for sighting a target and is related to visual direction judgment. Motor dominance refers to the eye with better fixation or less likely to lose fixation, with the presence of increasing fixation disparity. Sensory dominance refers to the eye that dominates in the retinal rivalry conditions. While the first two are qualitative measures, sensory dominance could be precisely quantified through psychophysical methods. The consistency among the results from the three different tests has been low. Although unstable ocular dominance has been proposed as a potential explanation, the exact underlying reason for the contradicting reports is still unclear. Clinically, sighting and motor dominance tests have been used to guide monovision with the dominant eye allocated for the distance/near. Recent studies suggested that success of monovision depend more on the sensory dominance difference between the two eyes. There have been studies about the relationship between ocular dominance and refractive errors, and its possible role in the development of myopia. However, the results remain inconclusive and further studies are needed.

Dominance, ocular; Vision, monocular; Myopia