Airway remodeling is the result of chronic inflammation, which including airway wall thickening, matrix and collagen deposition, epithelial hyperplasia and fibrosis, smooth proliferation and hypertrophy,fibroblast proliferation, and mucus glands and goblet cell proliferation, micrangium generation and other pathological changes. Airway smooth muscle change is known as the reason of airway hyper - responsiveness and asthma aggravating. There are many factors which can induce airway smooth muscle hypertrophy and proliferation, such as inflammation, cytokines,extracellular matrix and genetic factors. In addition, recent researches reveal the airway smooth muscle is also an important source of inflammation. In this paper the latest opinion of the role of asthma airway smooth muscle in the airway remodeling were elaborated,and inhale hormone earlier was suggested.